SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL DILEMMA OF RIVERBANK COMMUNITIES: AN ANALYSIS OF WATER-SHARING CULTURE, SANITATION BEHAVIOR, AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RISKS IN BANJARMASIN CITY
Keywords:
Environmental Health, Local Culture, Riverbank Communities, Sanitation, Water-Sharing CultureAbstract
The riverbank areas in Banjarmasin City represent a living space that is deeply intertwined with river culture as a community social identity. However, the high dependency on river resources to meet domestic needs has the potential to cause various sanitation and environmental health problems. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the dynamics of the social environment, sanitation practices based on local culture, and public health risks among residents living in the riverbank areas of Banjarmasin City. The study employs a mixed-methods approach with an explanatory design. Quantitative data were obtained through a survey of 250 heads of households residing in several riverbank areas with high environmental vulnerability, while qualitative data were gathered through in-depth interviews with community leaders and healthcare professionals, as well as field observations. The results show that a water-sharing culture and strong social interactions contribute to the formation of community social cohesion. However, the ongoing practice of using river water for bathing, washing, and toilet activities (MCK) amidst declining aquatic environmental quality correlates with a high incidence of environment-based diseases, particularly diarrhea, skin diseases, and gastrointestinal infections. Further analysis indicates that limited access to clean water infrastructure, low ownership of proper sanitation facilities, and low perception of health risks are the dominant factors influencing public sanitation behavior. These findings confirm that public health issues in riverbank areas are influenced not only by physical environmental factors but also by the social and cultural constructions that develop within community life. Therefore, efforts to improve environmental health need to be carried out through an integrated approach that combines the development of sanitation infrastructure, enhancement of health literacy, and the utilization of social capital and local wisdom of the river community to achieve sustainable environmental governance.
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